Sembuhkan Wasir dengan Daun Ungu

 Bahan:

5 lembar daun ungu

Caranya:

Rebus dengan 2 gelas air sampai menyusut menjadi 1 gelas

Diminum setelah dingin, 2 kali sehari

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AMBEIEN KEMPES DENGAN PATIKAN CHINA ATAU PETIKAN KEBO

 AMBEIEN KEMPES! 😱🌿

CUKUP DUDUK DI AIR REBUS RUMPUT INI

Gak perlu malu ke dokter. Gak perlu operasi 20jt

KENAPA PATIKAN CINA AMPUH BUAT AMBEIEN? 1. ANTI RADANG → Benjolan kempes 2. ANTISEPTIK → Cegah infeksi 3. NGENTENGIN BAB → Gak sakit pas ke toilet 4. NGERINGIN LUKA → Gak berdarah lagi

RESEP RENDAM 15 MENIT: BAHAN: - 2 genggam patikan cina + akar - 5 gelas air

CARA: 1. Cuci bersih. Rebus 15 menit sampai air coklat 2. Saring. Tuang ke baskom 3. Tunggu anget2 kuku. JANGAN PANAS 4. DUDUK/RENDAM selama 15 menit 5. LAKUKAN: 2x sehari. Pagi & malam 6. LAKUKAN: 3-7 hari berturut2

HASIL: Hari 1: Gatal + nyeri berkurang Hari 3: Benjolan mulai kempes Hari 7: Bisa duduk normal lagi

BONUS: Airnya juga bisa buat cebok tiap BAB

⚠️ PENTING: ✅ Ambeien luar & dalam stadium 1-2 manjur ❌ Kalau udah stadium 4 + berdarah banyak KE DOKTER YA ✅ Habis rendam keringkan. Jangan dilap kasar ❌ IBU HAMIL DILARANG Max 7 hari. Kalau gak ada perubahan stop

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Pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik peternak mengenai risiko masuk dan penularan penyakit mulut dan kuku di Timor Barat, Indonesia

 Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(8): 5125-5134

doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8

Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia

Petrus Malo Bulu, Ewaldus Wera, Victor Lenda, Theresia Nur Indah Koni.

Abstract Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, causing significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The reemergence of FMD in Indonesia after a considerable disease-free period necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the behavioral factors of farmers. Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of livestock farmers in West Timor regarding the risks of FMD introduction and transmission in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT), Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 290 livestock farmers was conducted using structured questionnaires. KAP indicators were assessed as absent (0), low, moderate, or high using a five-point Likert scale. Results: Low knowledge of FMD clinical signs and vaccination was observed in 48.6% and 52.8% of farmers, respectively. Education level was significantly associated with the KAP category (χ² = 18.62, df = 8, p = 0.002). Farmers with secondary education or higher were more likely to demonstrate high KAP levels (odds ratio = 2.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.31–4.65, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Livestock farmers in West Timor generally exhibited low to moderate levels of FMD-related knowledge and preventive practices. This study provides one of the first empirical assessments of FMD-related KAP among cattle farmers in West Timor and identifies education as a key determinant of preventive behavior, providing evidence to support risk-based extension and disease control strategies. Key words: Foot-and-mouth disease; Knowledge; Attitudes; Practices; Livestock farmers; West Timor.

How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style Bulu PM, Wera E, Lenda V, Koni TNI. Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(8): 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 Web Style Bulu PM, Wera E, Lenda V, Koni TNI. Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=318853 [Access: August 08, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Bulu PM, Wera E, Lenda V, Koni TNI. Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(8): 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Bulu PM, Wera E, Lenda V, Koni TNI. Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited August 08, 2026]; 16(8): 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 Harvard Style Bulu, P. M., Wera, . E., Lenda, . V. & Koni, . T. N. I. (2026) Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Vet. J., 16 (8), 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 Turabian Style Bulu, Petrus Malo, Ewaldus Wera, Victor Lenda, and Theresia Nur Indah Koni. 2026. Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (8), 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 Chicago Style Bulu, Petrus Malo, Ewaldus Wera, Victor Lenda, and Theresia Nur Indah Koni. "Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Bulu, Petrus Malo, Ewaldus Wera, Victor Lenda, and Theresia Nur Indah Koni. "Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia." Open Veterinary Journal 16.8 (2026), 5125-5134. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Bulu, P. M., Wera, . E., Lenda, . V. & Koni, . T. N. I. (2026) Livestock farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the risk of foot-and-mouth disease entry and transmission in West Timor, Indonesia. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (8), 5125-5134. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.8

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